The Shipowner cannot claim contribution from（）if，after general average expenditure has been incurred，the ship and cargo are lost before the conclusion of the voyage.

单项选择题The mere washing overboard of part of the cargo will not（）rise to a general average contribution; nor will the throwing overboard of cargo by the crew or passengers out of private malice.

A.make
B.give
C.have
D.take

单项选择题the master of Utopia，（）owners，hereby declares general average and require all benefited interests to provide general average security.

A.on behalf of
B.in behalf of
C.in behalf with
D.on behalf with

单项选择题The master of a ship must collect general average contributions for the benefit of those entitled to them，whether they are cargo owners or ship owner，and（）the Shipowner’s lien on the cargo，where necessary，until they are paid.

A.exercise
B.take
C.make
D.have

单项选择题The invariable result of（）average is that the loss falls on the owner of the particular property which has suffered the damage，whether that damage was due to deliberate sacrifice or to an accident.

A.special
B.particular
C.general
D.total

单项选择题The fact that a part of the cargo has already been discharged will not（）the owners of the rest，under all circumstances，from claiming a general average contribution from the Shipowner.

A.preclude
B.include
C.dilute
D.pollute