A contract of affreightment is a（）.

单项选择题A clause in a bill of lading stating that the carrier would not be liable for any damage unless the shipper proved negligence or lack of due diligence on the carrier’s part（）to be void because it shifted the burden of proof from the carrier to the shipper.

A.was held
B.was carried out
C.was encountered
D.was detained

单项选择题A cargo exception would appear on（）.

A.a Bill of Lading
B.the cargo manifest
C.the Export Declaration
D.a Letter of Indemnity

单项选择题（）the heading combined transport bill of lading，the provisions set out and referred to in this bill of lading shall also apply where the transport as described on the face of the B L is performed by one mode of transport only，and in such circumstances，the liability of the carrier shall be limited to the part of the transport performed by him.

A.Notwithstanding
B.Whatsoever
C.Whereabout
D.Nevertheless

单项选择题（）the demand of the shipper the Shipowner must issue a bill of lading giving certain particulars，e.g. quality of goods shipped，their apparent condition.

A.In
B.At
C.By
D.On

单项选择题（）anything provided for in Clause 7 and 8 of this bill of lading and subject to Clause 17，if it can be proved where the loss or damage occurred the carrier and the merchant shall，as to the liability of the carrier，be entitled to require such liability to be determined by the provisions contained in any relevant international convention or national law.

A.Notwithstanding
B.Whatsoever
C.Whereabout
D.Nevertheless