填空题

Motivation for Words
Motivation deals with the connection between
name and sense. Basically, there are three motivations
for words:
Ⅰ. Onomatopoeic motivation—defining the
principle of motivation by (1) . (1)
—primary onomatopoeia: the (2) of sound (2)
by sound
—(3) onomatopoeia: association of (3)
sound with senses
e. g. -ump suggests (4) . (4)
Ⅱ. (5) motivation—defining motivation by (5)
mental association.
It is closely connected with figures of speech:
—(6) : containing an implied comparison (6)
—metonymy: naming something by its attributes
—synecdoche: the (7) of a part for a (7)
whole or vice versa
Ⅲ. Logical motivation—defining a concept by
logic.
There are two (8) involved in giving a (8)
definition: the first is to identify the genus and the
second is to (9) the item being defined from (9)
other similar species in the same genus.
There may be factors leading to loss of motivation.
They are change in morphological structure and change
in (10) . (10) ____

【参考答案】

metaphor

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