阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1、3、4、6段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。 Geology and
Health 1. The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been
realised within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related
to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and
selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops and animals
deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious
diseases. 2. The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks,
which weather into soil, gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents.
The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require
for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and
soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environment have effects on the
chemistry and health of plants, animals and people. 3. So far there is no
data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential
health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are
generally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich
soils does not represent a health risk unless large quantities of soil are
digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small children are particularly
exposed to metal-rich dust topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are also the
most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil. 4. Heavy
metals are persistent: they do not break down to other chemicals in the
environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and
rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the
food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to
cause poisoning. 5. In contrast naturally contaminated soils have not been
subject to risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures, despite the fact
that they frequently possess metal concentrations well above those of such
polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria. 6. There is a
vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of
living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of
naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potential pathways of metals
into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as
they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry
as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution. Paragraph 1______