Column A: techniques used in Direct Method
①question and answer exercises
②error correction
③dictation
④listening comprehension tasks
⑤graded composition
Column B: the purpose
a. to consolidate and evaluate what the learner has learned
b. to reinforce and test what the learner has learned
c. to have the newly-introduced language items fully understood by the students
d. to establish a favorable classroom climate
e. to ensure that the students have the correct pronunciation and grammar

填空题Column A: linguists①N. Chomsky②B. Brunner③J. Piaget④D. Ausubel⑤G. KellyColumn B: contribution to the Cognitive Approacha. schema theoryb. discovery methodc. transformational generative grammard. meaningful verbal learning and advance organizerse. distinction between meaningful and meaningless learning activities

填空题What Hao Youming proposes in her teaching experiment is more practice, less ______ .

填空题From the mid-1970s, the key concept in educational linguistics and language pedagogy is that of ______.

填空题______analysis is proposed as a valid means to predict potential errors.

填空题In the Grammar-Translation Method, the teacher teaches the new grammar with ______ method, which takes a lot of time and easily results in the loss of interests of learners.