Meaning in Literature In reading literary works, we are concerned with the "meaning" of one literary piece or another. However, finding out what something really means is a difficult issue. There are three ways to tackle meaning in literature. I. Meaning is what is intended by (1)_________. Apart from reading an author’’s work in question, readers need to 1) read (2)_________by the same author; 2) get familiar with ( 3 )_________at the time; 3 ) get to know cultural values and symbols of the time. II. Meaning exists " in" the text itself. 1) some people’’s view: meaning is produced by the formal properties of the text like (4)_________,etc. 2) speaker’’s view: meaning is created by both conventions of meaning and ( 5 )_________. Therefore, agreement on meaning could be created by common traditions and conventions of usage. But different time periods & different (6)_________ perspectives could lead to different interpretations of meaning in context. III. Meaning is created by (7)_________. 1) meaning is ( 8 )_________; 2) meaning is contextual; 3) meaning requires (9)________; —practicing competency in reading —practicing other competencies —background research in (10)________, etc.