A．the government has stopped giving public institutions……
TEXT B
In recent years American
society has become increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions
to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the
principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon;
for dealing with our urban problems and with our deteriorating environment; for
developing the means to feed the world’s rapidly increasing population. The
effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition,
however, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly
impinges on the universities’ efforts to perform their other principal
functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge--the imparting of
tile heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it
forward.
With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally
sanctioned task, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious
bind generally. On the one band, there is the American commitment, entered into
especially since World War I, to provide higher education for all young people
who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic rise in
enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical shift from the private
to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious
and continuing limitations on tile resources available for higher
education.
While higher education has become a great "growth
industry", it is also simultaneously a tremendous drain on the resources of the
nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorties away
from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public
institutions a significant decrease in per capital Outlay for their students.
One crucial aspect of this drain on resources lies in the persistent shortage of
trained faculty, which has led, in turn, to a declining standard of competence
in instruction.
Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated
above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and the
attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendency for the
institutions’ organization and functioning to conform to the demands of research
rather than those of teaching.
According to the passage, one of the causes fur the difficulties of American higher education is that ______.
A．the government has stopped giving public institutions as much financial support as it used to
B．America has always been encouraging young people to go to college
C．many public institutions have replaced private ones
D．the government only finances such researches as that of placing man on the moon
