问答题outline the mechanisms of plaque formation.The attachment , growth , removal and reattachment of bacteria to the tooth surface is a continuous and dynamic process. However, several distinct processes can be recognized.Absorption of salivary proteins and glycoproteins, together with some bacterial molecules, to the tooth surface to form a conditioning film(the acquired pellicle).Long-range(>E0nm), non-specific interaction of microbial cell surfaces with the acquired pellicle via van der Waals attractive forces.Shorter-range(A0-B0nm) interactions, in with the interplay of van der Waals attraction forces and electrostatic repulsion produces a weak area of attraction that can result in reversible to the surface.Irreversible adhesion can occur if specific inter-molecular interactions take place between adhesions on the cell surface and receptors in the acquired pellicle.Secondary or late-colonisers attach to primary colonizers (coaggregation), also by specific inter-molecular interactions.Cell division of the attached cells to produce confluent growth, and a biofilm.

问答题Please state the prognosis of replantation in a simple way.①Surface resorption ②Inflammation resorption ③Replacemen resorption

问答题What are the five mechanical objectives of root canal shaping①Develop a continuously tapering form②Make the canal narrower apically with the narrowest cross-sectional diameter at its terminus③Make the preparation in multiple planes④Never transport the foramen⑤Keep the apical foramen as small as practical⑥To clean and seal foramen, MAF should be at least No.B0 or BE in the ISO sizing

问答题Master apical file The largest file that perform apical enlargement.

问答题DMF(S) indexDMF(S) to denote decayed, missing, and filled surfaces in permanent teeth.