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Rely on Plankton to Save the Planet Encouraging plankton
growth in the ocean has been touted by some as a promising way to remove carbon
dioxide from the atmosphere. (46) . Adding
iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. The microscopic
organisms suck up dissolved carbon dioxide from the water, which in turn is
replaced by carbon dioxide from the air. (47) .
Jorge Sarmiento from Princeton and his colleagues developed a complex
computer model to analyse how factors such as ocean chemistry and water
circulation would affect the process if 160, 000 square kilometres of ocean were
seeded with iron for a month. (48) . In their
scenario, which covers an area 10 times as big as the largest experiment of this
kind ever proposed, fertilising the ocean removes 1 million tonnes of carbon
from the atmosphere -- just 0.2 per cent of the carbon dioxide humankind spews
out each month. Rough estimates in the past have predicted
similarly disappointing results. (49) says Sallie Chisholm,
an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "But
the take-home message is the same. (50) " A Its
opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming. B Its
opponents fear that it will damage the marine ecosystem, and now a computer
model shows that the trick would also be remarkably inefficient. C As
plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up
in the seabed, D They found that 100 years later only between 2 and 11
per cent of the extra carbon that was originally taken up by plankton had
actually been removed from the atmosphere. E "These are newer and
better models," F Ocean fertilisation is not the answer to global
warming.