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Whether youre a New Jersey mall rat or a farmer in India, being poor can exhaust your smarts. The findings indicate that an【C1】______need— making rent, getting money for food—tugs at the attention so much that it can【C2】______the brainpower of anyone who experiences it, regardless of innate intelligence or【C3】______. As a result, many social【C4】______programs set up to help the poor could backfire(have an undesired effect)by adding more【C5】______to their lives. Theres a widespread tendency to【C6】______that poor people dont have money because they are lazy,【C7】______or just not that sharp, said study coauthor Sendhil Mullainathan. 'Our【C8】______was quite different: Its not that poor people are any different from rich people, but that being poor【C9】______itself has an effect.' Mullainathan wanted to find out how those psychologically【C10】______situations affected their overall mental【C11】______. To do so, the researchers traveled to India and【C12】______464 sugar cane farmers before and after a harvest. Sugar cane farmers get paid only once a year. One month before harvest time, they are【C13】______for cash; one month after harvest, theyre flush with【C14】______. The farmers took tests before and after harvest. When money was running low, they performed【C15】______on the IQ test and took slightly longer to answer questions on the test than they did when【C16】______wasnt a problem. The drop was【C17】______—about 9 IQ points. The research lends support to the idea that many behaviors【C18】______to being poor—using less preventive healthcare, having higher obesity rates, be ing less【C19】______parents and making poor financial decisions—may be caused by【C20】______rather than the other way around.
【C1】
A.mental
B.urgent
C.special
D.social

A.'
B.
【C1】
A.mental
B.urgent
C.special
D.social


【参考答案】

B
两个破折号之间的makingrent,gettingmoneyforfood(筹钱交房租、筹钱买食物)是对——need的举例说明。衣食住行是每个人最基本的需求,故选B项urgent“紧要的”,ur-gentneed意为“紧要的需求”。
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未分类题Research has shown that—in both sexes and across numerous cultures—attractive people are judged to be smarter, kinder, more honest and【C1】______. With some regularity we hear about the latest beauty contestant who has【C2】______to a soft-ball of a question with an epic fail of a mistake, a【C3】______opinion or an incoherent ramble. Ridiculous. But whats even more ridiculous is that our brains【C4】______us toward believing such people—just because theyre【C5】______. In politics, we are also more likely to believe and vote【C6】______people who are attractive. And when it comes to blind【C7】______numerous studies discovered that more-attractive individuals are less likely to be【C8】______of crimes and, if so,【C9】______shorter-than-average sentences for the crime. Why should this be? Some have【C10】______that since it is pleasurable to meet someone attractive and someone good and honest, we【C11】______merge the two. But this convergence(the occurrence of two or more things coming together)of rewarding experiences seems【C12】______. Work by two researchers in Duke University【C13】______something more convincing: one part of the brain is involved in rating both the【C14】______of a face and the goodness of a behavior, and the level of activity in that【C15】______during one of those tasks predicts the level during the other. 【C16】______, the brain does similar things when【C17】______beautiful minds, hearts or cheekbones. Its a【C18】______finding. But theres also some good news in this story: The brain can get confused in【C19】______directions. That is to say, the same neural wiring that gives【C20】______to 'What is beautiful is good' also generates 'What is good is beautiful.'【C1】A.pessimisticB.selfishC.trustworthyD.handsome