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阅读下列材料,完成教学设计。
材料一动能与势能的相互转化物体自由下落或沿光滑斜面滑下时.重力对物体做正功,物体的重力势能减少。减少的重力势能到哪里去了?我们发现,在这些过程中,物体的速度增加了,表示物体的动能增加了。这说明,物体原来的重力势能转化成了动能。
原来具有一定速度的物体,由于惯性在空中竖直上升或沿光滑斜面上升,这时重力做负功,物体的速度减小,表示物体的动能减少了。但由于物体的高度增加,它的重力势能增加了。这说明,物体原来具有的动能转化成了重力势能。
材料二在只有重力或弹力做功的物体系统内,动能与势能可以互相转化,而总的机械能保持不变。这叫做机械能守恒定律。它是力学中的一条重要定律,是普遍的能量守恒定律的一种特殊情况。
根据上述材料,回答:
(1)设计一个关于机械能守恒定律内容和条件的教学导入。
(2)完成材料一部分的教学设计,内容包括学情分析和教学目标。

A.重力对物体做正功,物体的重力势能减少。减少的重力势能到哪里去了?我们发现,在这些过程中,物体的速度增加了,表示物体的动能增加了。这说明,物体原来的重力势能转化成了动能。

【参考答案】


(1)导入新课①提出课题——机械能守恒定律。(板书)②力做功的过程也是能量从一种形式转化为另一种形式的过程,物体的动能和势能总和称为机械能,例举通过重力或弹力做功,动能与势能相互转化。(展示图片和视频)瀑布(自由落体):重力势能→动能荡秋千:动能→重力势能→动能过山车:动能→重力势能→动能...

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